Beautiful Aunt Elsie Eichman nee Goldfoot, daughter of Hattie.
Nadene Goldfoot
Hattie Jermulowske had lived in Poland, on the border of Lithuania in Suwalki. Testing her daughter's daughter, we find that we carry the W mtdna haplogroup. This is a little section of the 30% of haplogroups of the mtdna of Ashkenazim.
We Ashkenazi Jews of W16145A, 16223T, 16265G, 16519C mtdna are a little branch off of N1b, the people of the Near and Middle East of Asia. So we came about being a mutation of N1b that occurred about 2,000 years after W's branch was started. Western and Southern Asia was the home of this minority clade. The home that has the most W mtdna today turns out to be Northern Pakistan. W started about 25,000 years ago. N1b shows a lack of haplotype diversity, so that they have a common ancestral origin. This means that N1b is of Israelite origin and is supported by the fact that this group appears to be spread throughout eastern and western Ashkenazim at about equal frequencies.
N1b, our mother branch that still exists, makes up 10% of the 70% of Ashkenazi mtDNA results.
Many Jewish groups did not share the same female ancestors. Ashkenazi populations as a whole are genetically more similar to Near Eastern non-Jewish populations than to European non-Jewish populations.
A haplogroup N subclade, N1b - has been identified as one of four Ashkenazi Jewish founder lineages. This is defined by the transition G to A at the nucleotide position 16176 - See:
D. Behar, et al. A NOTABLE "N" A famous member of haplogroup N is Ann Curry, a host on the "Today Show", who is haplogroup N9a. Her haplogroup designation was shared during a November 18, 2005 interview with Dr. Spencer Wells of <>National Geographic's Genographic Project. W made up3.1% of a Jewish population tested in Poland, and it was 2.7% of the population in Russ and the Ukraine.
Dad’s Ydna: Q1b This comes from the Altai Mountains of Siberia, Mongolia and parts of Turkey. Somehow it made its way into Germany and then on northward to Lithuania and the Russian Empire.
Mom’s Dad’s Ydna: R1b1b2:
Jews started off as slaves in Egypt well after Abraham broke off from Ur and took his large family to Caanan. Genetics confirm that various Semitic and Mediterranean people came together to form the Israelites of long ago. When we spread out into the Diaspora and traversed far and wide across Europe, we attracted converts and intermarried over time with other Europeans. This is how we came to have our diverse DNA ancestry of the Ashkenazi Jews.
There are differences between the eastern and western Ashkenazi populations. If you look at the French, German, Austrain, Lithuanian, Polish, Romanian and Russian Jewish women, there will be differences. Haplogroups that appear in eastern Ashkenazi, but are rare to absent in western Jewish groups include "W". This argues in favor of a post-Diaspora European origin.
Jews were first in Germany. Eastern communities were founded when Jews migrated from Germany and France after the 12th-13th centuries. It appears that eastward-moving Ashkenazim absorbed a number of separate European maternal founders once they settled in Eastern Europe.
Judaism has been opposed to intermarriage with non-Jews since biblical times. There are biblical prohibitions, bans, warnings, rules and laws. Christian authorities also outlawed intermarriage with Jews. Marriage was outlawed as well as any social contacts and backed this up with severe penalties including death on both partners. Sex found its way, however, as there was mingling. Reality saw converts to Judaism, individually or in groups and Jews to convert to Christianity or just leave the Jewish community when they faced so much oppression in Europe. We received genes from neighboring populations through proselytism, intermarriage, rape and illegitimate children fathered by Gentiles. We were locked up at night in Ghettos in Italy and kept in The Pale of Russia which should have kept the sexes separate, and it did for the most part. This is why scientists study Jewish genetics. We are basically a group that has been kept apart from everyone else.
Half of the sons of Hattie carried the W mtdna in their genes, so that it can be in all of her descendents.
http://www.thecid.com/w/natlgeo.htmhttp://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v15/n4/fig_tab/5201764t1.html#figure-titleLabels: Jermulowske, mtdna W haplogroup
# posted by Nadene Goldfoot @ 1:52 PM
Beautiful Aunt Elsie Eichman nee Goldfoot, daughter of Hattie.